Modeling Time-Varying Wide-Scale Distributed Denial of Service Attacks on Electric Vehicle Charging Stations

This study investigates Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks targeting Electric Vehicle Charging Stations (EVCS) and their potential implications for grid stability. It introduces a mathematical model for wide-scale DDoS attacks using a time-varying Poisson process to represent attack traffic and bot behavior. The model incorporates the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process to capture variations in attack intensity over time and applies queueing theory to analyze traffic dynamics, delays, and service interruptions. The study also evaluates the effects of DDoS attacks on the dynamic and steady-state operation of the power grid, demonstrating that successful disruptions of EV charging stations can cause significant disturbances and highlighting the need for robust cybersecurity protocols.