A Comprehensive Survey of Cyberattacks on EVs: Research Domains, Attacks, Defensive Mechanisms, and Verification Methods

This study provides a comprehensive overview of cyberattacks against electric vehicles from four distinct perspectives. It examines EV-related research domains and their susceptibility to cyber threats, CIA-based attacks targeting confidentiality, integrity, and availability, countermeasures and defensive mechanisms including prevention, detection, response, and recovery techniques, and verification and validation methodologies using software tools and hardware testbeds. The study provides an understanding of the current state of cyberattacks against EVs and serves as a valuable resource for researchers and practitioners in cybersecurity and electric mobility.